Study with me — Spanish — Part 4
In this lesson we will continue our number adventure, and we will travel around the world to learn some nationalities. ✈️
Numbers 20–100
Twenty-one (21) to Twenty-nine (29)
To form the numbers from 21 to 29, Spanish uses a compound form. You start with “veinte” (twenty) and add the corresponding digit (1 to 9).
- 21 is “veintiuno”
- 22 is “veintidós”
- 23 is “veintitrés”
- And so on up to 29, which is “veintinueve.”
Thirty (30) to Ninety-nine (99)
After twenty-nine, the pattern becomes more regular. The tens are formed by using the base words then, you add the corresponding digit, separated by “y” (and), to form numbers from thirty-one to ninety-nine. For example:
- 31 is “treinta y uno”
- 42 is “cuarenta y dos”
- 53 is “cincuenta y tres”
- And so on up to 99, which is “noventa y nueve.”
Resources
Nationalities
In Spanish, nationalities are typically formed by adding the suffix “-o” for masculine words and “-a” for feminine words to the name of the country. Let’s see some examples:
Estados Unidos (United States)
- Masculine: estadounidense (American)
- Feminine: estadounidense (American)
España (Spain)
- Masculine: español (Spanish)
- Feminine: española (Spanish)
Common Nationalities
Brasil (Brazil)
- Masculine: brasileño
- Feminine: brasileña
Eslovaquia (Slovakia)
- Masculine: eslovaco
- Feminine: eslovaca
Polonia (Poland)
- Masculine: polaco
- Feminine: polaca
Argentina (Argentina)
- Masculine: argentino
- Feminine: argentina
Francia (France)
- Masculine: francés
- Feminine: francesa
Italia (Italy)
- Masculine: italiano
- Feminine: italiana
Alemania (Germany)
- Masculine: alemán
- Feminine: alemana
China (China)
- Masculine: chino
- Feminine: china
Japón (Japan)
- Masculine: japonés
- Feminine: japonesa
Rusia (Russia)
- Masculine: ruso
- Feminine: rusa
India (India)
- Masculine: indio
- Feminine: india
Grecia (Greece)
- Masculine: griego
- Feminine: griega
Australia (Australia)
- Masculine: australiano
- Feminine: australiana
Corea del Sur (South Korea)
- Masculine: surcoreano
- Feminine: surcoreana
Egipto (Egypt)
- Masculine: egipcio
- Feminine: egipcia
Noruega (Norway)
- Masculine: noruego
- Feminine: noruega
Rumanía (Romania)
- Masculine: rumano
- Feminine: rumana
México (Mexico)
- Masculine: mexicano
- Feminine: mexicana
Canadá (Canada)
- Masculine: canadiense
- Feminine: canadiense
Using Nationalities in Sentences
When using nationalities in sentences, you need to ensure agreement with the gender and number of the subject.
- “Soy estadounidense.” (I am American.)
- “Ella es brasileña.” (She is Brazilian.)
- “Ellos son mexicanos.” (They are Mexican.)
In plural forms, the suffix “-es” is added to the masculine form of the nationality:
- “Los españoles son amables.” (The Spanish people are friendly.)
- “Las francesas son inteligentes.” (The French women are intelligent.)
In Spanish, it’s common to use definite articles before nationalities when referring to languages or when talking about a group of people in a general sense:
- “El español es mi lengua materna.” (Spanish is my mother tongue.)
- “Los italianos son conocidos por su deliciosa comida.” (The Italians are known for their delicious food.)
Great job so far! See you next time! 🐰
Thank you for reading! 💖
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